Saturday, August 22, 2026

Eugene of Savoy


It so happens that Eugene of Savoy was twice at least beating Turks. Vienna, 1683, along John III Sobieski, and Belgrade 1688. No one will suspect him of being a Muslim. Nevertheless, he will be from a culture having one trait which today is actually often associated with Muslims.

1) Prince Eugene Francis of Savoy-Carignano (18 October 1663 – 21 April 1736)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Eugene_of_Savoy

unmarried


Following ancestors are traced from the above article, by the fact that both he himself and quite a few of his ancestors have "father" and "mother" noted on the article. He will actually have an incomplete genealogy, nearly as incomplete as on English wikipedia, but he will have a pretty big genealogy anyway. We are, including himself, dealing with 51 persons, at least.

Parents

2) Prince Eugene Maurice of Savoy-Carignano, 2 March 1635 – 6 June 1673
3) Olympia Mancini, Countess of Soissons, 11 July 1638 – 9 October 1708
married Olympia was married on 24 February 1657 to Prince Eugène-Maurice of Savoy, Count of Soissons (1633–1673), by whom she had eight children, amongst whom was the famous field marshal Prince Eugene of Savoy.


The "married" notice will usually be from the wiki on the lady, if there is one.

Grandparents

4) Thomas Francis of Savoy, Prince of Carignano, 21 December 1596 – 22 January 1656
5) Marie de Bourbon, Countess of Soissons, 3 May 1606 – 3 June 1692
married
On 6 January 1625, Marie was married to Thomas Francis,[1] ninth child of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, and his wife Catherine Michaela of Austria.

6) Michele Lorenzo Mancini, Roma, 1602 – Roma, 5 luglio 1650
7) Girolama Mazzarini, Rome, 1608 or 1614 – Paris, 29 December 1656
married
Geronima married an Italian aristocrat, Baron Lorenzo Mancini, (1602–1650), son of Paolo Lucio Mancini and Vittoria Capoccii, on 6 August 1634.


Greatgrandparents

8) Charles Emmanuel I, Rivoli, 12 January 1562 – Savignano, 26 July 1630
9) Catalina Micaela of Spain (Madrid, 10 October 1567 – Turin, 6 November 1597)
married
The wedding took place in Zaragoza on 11 March 1585, and the couple made their entrance to Turin in Savoy on 10 August 1585.

10) Charles de Bourbon (3 November 1566 – 1 November 1612)
11) Anne de Montafié, Countess of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis, (21 July 1577 – 17 June 1644)
married
On 27 December 1601, she married Charles de Bourbon, Count of Soissons, son of Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé and Françoise d'Orléans-Longueville, a Prince of the Blood, who was also a military commander during the French Wars of Religion.

12) Francesco Alessandro Paolo Mancini, Abt 1580 - Abt 1637
13) Vittoria Capoccii
married
[unknown]

14) Pietro Mazzarino, o Mazzarini (Palermo, 1576 – Roma, 4 febbraio 1654),
15) Ortensia Bufalini (1575 – 1644)
married
[before 1602]


Great-greatgrandparents

16) Emmanuel Philibert, Chambéry, 8 July 1528 – Turin, 30 August 1580
17) Margaret of Valois, Duchess of Berry, St. Germain-en-Laye, 5 June 1523 – Turin, 15 September 1574
married
Shortly before her 36th birthday, a marriage was finally arranged for her by her brother King Henry II of France and her former suitor Philip II as part of the terms stipulated in the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis which was signed by the ambassadors representing the two monarchs on 3 April 1559. ... The wedding took place in tragic circumstances. On 30 June just three days after her marriage contract had been signed, King Henry was gravely injured during a tournament celebrating the wedding of his eldest daughter Elisabeth to the recently widowed King Philip. ... Margaret and her husband had only one surviving child: Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy who was born in January 1562, when Margaret was 38 years of age.

18) Philip II of Spain, Pimentel, 21 May 1527 – El Escorial, 13 September 1598
19) Elisabeth of Valois, Fontainebleau, 2 April 1546[1] – Aranjuez, 3 October 1568
married
Elisabeth married Philip II of Spain on 22 June 1559.

20) Louis de Bourbon, 1st Prince of Condé (Vendôme, 7 May 1530 – Jarnac, 13 March 1569)
21) Françoise d'Orléans-Longueville, Princess of Condé (Châteaudun 5 April 1549 – Paris 11 June 1601)
married
On 8 November 1565, in the Château de Vendôme, Françoise married Louis I de Bourbon, Prince of Condé,[1] the youngest brother of King Antoine of Navarre and a Huguenot general. ... After the night of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre on 23 August 1572, she and her son quickly converted to Roman Catholicism to avoid persecution and possible assassination.

22) Louis (ou Ludovic) de Montafié, ??
23) Jeanne de Coësmes, princesse de Conti, dame de Lucé et de Bonnétable, née en 1560 [ou 1555], décéda le 27 décembre 1601[1] à Saint-Mars-de-Locquenay.
married:
D'abord mariée en 1574 à Louis (ou Ludovic) de Montafié, seigneur piémontais, comte de Montafié et Carignan, elle eut deux filles, Urbaine et Anne de Montafié. Après l'assassinat de son mari, alors capitaine du roi Henri III, à Aix-en-Provence le 6 octobre 1577, elle devint la première épouse de François de Bourbon, prince de Conti en 1582.


24—31) unknown

great-great-great-grandparents

32) Charles III of Savoy (10 October 1486 – 17 August 1553),
33) Infanta Beatrice of Portugal (Portuguese: Beatriz 31 December 1504 – 8 January 1538)
married
In Villefranche-sur-Mer on 29 September 1521, Beatrice married Duke Charles III of Savoy.

34) Francis I of France, 12 September 1494 – 31 March 1547
35) Claude of France, 13 October 1499 – 26 July 1524
married
On 9 January 1514, when her mother died, Claude became Duchess of Brittany; and four months later, on 18 May, at the age of 14, she married her cousin Francis at Saint-Germain-en-Laye.

36) HRE Charles V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558)
37) Isabella of Portugal, 24 October 1503 – 1 May 1539
married
In January 1526, Isabella traveled to Spain.[5] Upon her arrival, she met the Duke of Calabria, the Archbishop of Toledo and the Duke of Béjar at the Spanish-Portuguese border. They escorted her to Seville, where she would wait a week for Charles. In the end, their wedding took place the very next day just after midnight on 11 March in the Palace of Alcázar of Seville.

38) Henry II of France, 31 March 1519 – 10 July 1559
39) Catherine de' Medici (13 April 1519 – 5 January 1589)
married
The wedding, a grand affair marked by extravagant display and gift-giving,[22] took place in the Église Saint-Ferréol les Augustins in Marseille on 28 October 1533.

40) Charles de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme (2 June 1489 – 25 March 1537)
41) Frances of Alençon (1490 – 14 September 1550)
married
[In 1505, Françoise married Francis II, Duke of Longueville.] On 18 May 1513, Françoise married, secondly, Charles de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme.

42) François d'Orléans, né le 2 mars 1513 à Châteaudun où il meurt le 25 octobre 1548 (à 35 ans), est un seigneur français de la Renaissance.
43) Jacqueline de Rohan-Gié (née vers 1520, morte en 1587), vicomtesse de Melun et dame de plusieurs seigneuries par son mariage avec François d'Orléans-Longueville,
married
elle se marie à Lyon, le 19 juillet 1536, à François d'Orléans (1513-1548) (2 mars 1513 - 25 octobre 1548), marquis de Rothelin (cadet des Orléans-Longueville, comtes de Neuchâtel ; il est le troisième fils de Jeanne de Bade-Hochberg-Neuchâtel et du duc Louis Ier), prince de Châtelaillon, vicomte de Melun et lieutenant de la compagnie de Longueville (1513-1548).


44—47) unknown
48—63) unknown

Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandparents

64) Philip II (5 February 1438 – 7 November 1497), known as the Landless, was Duke of Savoy from 1496 until his death in 1497
65) Claudine de Brosse (1450 – 13 October, 1513)
married
Claudine married Philip II, Count of Bresse on 11 November, 1485. She was his second wife, following the death of Margaret of Bourbon in 1483.

66) Manuel I (31 May 1469 – 13 December 1521), known as the Fortunate, was King of Portugal from 1495 to 1521.
67) Maria of Aragon (29 June 1482 – 7 March 1517) was Queen of Portugal from 30 October 1500 until her death in 1517 as the second wife of King Manuel I. Manuel was the widower of Maria's elder sister, Isabella.
married
Manuel and Maria were married in Alcácer do Sal on 30 October 1500,[3] and Maria was granted Viseu and Torres Vedras as her dower.

68) Charles of Orléans (1459 – 1 January 1496) (French: Charles d'Orléans) was the Count of Angoulême from 1467 until his death.
69) Louise of Savoy (11 September 1476 – 22 September 1531) was a French noble and regent, Duchess suo jure of Auvergne and Bourbon, Duchess of Nemours and the mother of King Francis I and Marguerite of Navarre.
married
At age eleven, Louise married Charles of Orléans, Count of Angoulême, on 16 February 1488 in Paris, though she only began living with him when she was fifteen. Despite her husband having two mistresses, the marriage was happy, and they shared a love of books.

70) Louis XII (27 June 1462 – 1 January 1515), also known as Louis of Orléans, was King of France from 1498 to 1515 and King of Naples (as Louis III) from 1501 to 1504.
71) Anne of Brittany (Breton: Anna; 25/26 January 1477[1] – 9 January 1514[2]) was suo jure Duchess of Brittany from 1488 until her death, and Queen of France from 1491 to 1498 and again from 1499 to her death. She was the only woman to have been queen consort of France twice.
married
Anne's third marriage contract, signed the day of her marriage (Nantes, 7 January 1499), was concluded under conditions radically different from those of the second. She was no longer a child, but a Dowager Queen, and determined to ensure the recognition of her rights as sovereign Duchess from that point forward. Although her new husband exercised the ruler's powers in Brittany, he formally recognized her right to the title "Duchess of Brittany" and issued decisions in her name.

72) Philip the Handsome (22 June/July 1478 – 25 September 1506), also called Philip the Fair, was ruler of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1482, including the counties of Artois, Burgundy and Charolais from 1493, and the first king of Castile from the House of Habsburg in 1506.
73) Joanna or Joan (also known as Joanna the Mad or Joan the Mad[1]; Spanish: Juana la Loca; 6 November 1479 – 12 April 1555) was queen of Castile from 1504 and queen of Aragon from 1516 to her death in 1555. married
In 1496, 16-year-old Joanna was betrothed to 18-year-old Philip of Austria, in the Low Countries. ... Joanna began her journey to Brabant in the Low Countries, which consisted of parts of the present day Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, France, and Germany, on 22 August 1496. The formal marriage took place on 20 October 1496 in Lier, north of present-day Brussels. Between 1498 and 1507, she gave birth to six children, two boys and four girls, all of whom grew up to be either emperors or queens.


74—75 = 66—67
76—77 = 34—35

78) Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici (12 September 1492 – 4 May 1519) was the ruler of Florence from 1516 until his death in 1519. He was also Duke of Urbino during the same period.
79) Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne (1498 – 28 April 1519), was the penultimate representative of the senior branch of an ancient French House of La Tour d'Auvergne. She is best known for being the mother of Catherine de' Medici, the future Queen of France.
married
Madeleine married Duke Lorenzo II de' Medici in Château d'Amboise on 5 May 1518.

80) Francis or François de Bourbon (c. 1470 – 30 October 1495), Count of Vendôme, was a French prince du sang.
81) Marie of Luxembourg-Saint-Pol (c. 1472 — 1 April 1547) was the ruling Countess Regnant of Soissons and Saint-Pol between 25 October 1482 and 1 April 1547. She was additionally made Countess consort of Vendôme through her marriage to Francis, Count of Vendôme.
married
Marie's status and part of her French inheritance were restored upon her remarriage to Francis de Bourbon, Count of Vendôme, a prince du sang, in 1487.

82) René of Alençon (1454 – 1 November 1492) was a French nobleman. He succeeded his father Jean II of Alençon as Duke of Alençon.
83) Margaret of Lorraine, Duchess of Alençon (1463 at the castle of Vaudémont, Lorraine – 2 November 1521 in Argentan, Normandy) was a French noblewoman and a nun of the order of Poor Clares (Ordre des Clarisses). She was beatified in 1921.
married
When [her grandfather] died in 1480, she was sent back to Lorraine to her brother, René II. He arranged her marriage to René, Duke of Alençon, whom she wed in Toul on 14 May 1488.

84) Louis (Lewis) I d'Orléans, Duke of Longueville (1480 – Beaugency, 1 August 1516), was a French aristocrat and general, Grand Chamberlain of France and governor of Provence.
85) Johanna of Hachberg-Sausenberg (French: Jeanne de Hochberg; between 1485 and 1487 – 23 September 1543) was Countess regnant of Neuchâtel from 1503 to 1512 and again from 1529 until her death.
married
Born between 1485 and 1487, Johanna was the daughter of Philip of Hachberg, Count of Neuchâtel and Maria of Savoy. She inherited the rule of Neuchâtel from her father in 1503. In 1504, Johanna married Louis I d'Orléans, Duke of Longueville. As was the custom with female rulers at the time, her husband became her co-ruler.

86) Charles de Rohan, né vers 1478, mort le 6 mai 1528, fut seigneur de Gié, vicomte de Fronsac, comte de Guise et d'Orbec, seigneur du Verger et de Sablé.
87) Giovanna di Sanseverino (1479 - 1543)
married
Da er mit Charlotte d’Armagnac kinderlos blieb, heiratete er in zweiter Ehe Giovanna di Sanseverino, die Tochter von Bernardino di Sanseverino, Fürst von Bisignano, und Eleonore (Dianora) Todeschini Piccolimini d‘Aragona ... 1514?


88—127) unknown

And the summings up:

Men married
14 17 18 19 22 22 23 23 23 24 25 25 26 28 28 29 31
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

32 34 34 35 36 47
18 19 20 21 22 23

Min 14, Lower Quartile 22.5, Median 25,
Higher Quartile 31.5, Max 47

Women married
14 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 17 18 18 18 19 19 20 21 22
11 14 14 14 15 15 16 16 16 16 17 17 18 18 18 19 20 21
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

23 25 26 27 35 35
22 23 24 27 35 35
19 20 21 22 23 24

Min 11 or 14 (depending on how you count), Lower Quartile, 15.5 or 16, Median, 17.5 or 18,
Higher Quartile 21.5 or 22.5, Max 35

Men died
25 26 28 35 36 36 38 38 38 40 47 48 50 52 52 52 52 57 57
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

58 59 59 66 68 71 72
20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Min 25, Lower Quartile 38, Median 51,
Higher Quartile 58, Max 72

Women died
21 22 24 26 30 33 34 35 46 48 51 52 55 60 63 64 67 68
20 22 24 26 30 33 34 35 41 42 51 52 55 60 63 64 66 67
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

68 69 69 70 73 76 86
68 69 69 70 72 76 86
19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Min 20 or 21, Lower Quartile 34, Median 55,
Higher Quartile 68, Max 86


You may have noticed for "women married" that one of them formally married at 11 and began marital relations at 15. This means the minimum of "women married" is 11 years on the lower version, while the same person is third from left with 15 on the higher version. In the lower version, 4 women were married under 15, in the higher version 2. In the lower version further 6 are 15 or 16, and in the higher version that's seven.

Someone back in the 60's or 1960 itself made a case study of one Anglican or Puritan diocese mostly during the Civil War and Cromwell eras of England. He then concluded that while canon law permitted early marriages, this permission was rarely used. Married by 15 is 1/12 through 1/6. Married by 17 is 3/8 to 5/12. For men, unsurprisingly, ages are higher and only one man marries age 14 out of 23. Next older man was 17. The reason is, men have to be breadwinners (including as military vassals getting paid through their property) and that takes more time than reaching the canonic age.

There are things in Islam I don't like and there are things in radical Islam I don't like. But I'm not crusading, nor would Eugene of Savoy have done so, because many radical Muslims are no fans of European 18 or US (some states) 21 as minimal marriage age for a woman.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Paris
Immaculate Heart of Mary
22.VIII.2026

Octava Assumptionis beatae Mariae Virginis. Festum Immaculati Cordis ejusdem beatae Virginis Mariae

Friday, August 21, 2026

Le suédois n'est pas une langue slave


Elle est une langue germanique, plus précisément germanique du nord.

Si du Nord en Sud (omettant les colonies) on énumère les langues germaniques qui sont aujourd'hui langue officielle d'un pays souverain (ou de plus qu'un) en entier, ce sont :

  • langues germaniques du nord

    • icelandais
    • norvégien nouveau
    • norvégien du livre
    • suédois
    • danois


  • langues germaniques de l'ouest

    • anglais
    • néerlandais
    • allemand.


Prenons les phrases "À Yahweh est la terre et ce qu’elle renferme," / "Au Seigneur est la terre et ce qu'elle renferme" (Psaume 23/24 verset 1) et "à terre et à mer" ... et ensuite en Polonais, une langue slave.

  • langues germaniques du nord

    • icelandais
      Drottni heyrir jörðin og allt sem á henni er
      á landi og sjó
    • norvégien nouveau
      Jordi høyrer Herren til - og alt det som fyller henne,
      ?
    • norvégien du livre
      Jorden og det som fyller den, hører Herren til,
      på land og sjø
    • suédois
      Jorden och allt som uppfyller den tillhör Herren,
      till lands och hafs
    • danois
      Jorden med alt, hvad den rummer, ... tilhører Herren,
      på land og til søs


  • langues germaniques de l'ouest

    • anglais
      The earth is the Lord's and the fulness thereof:
      on land and sea
    • néerlandais
      De aarde is des Heeren, mitsgaders haar volheid,
      te land en ter zee
    • allemand.
      Dem HERRN gehört die Erde und was sie erfüllt,
      zu Land und Meer


Polonais
Do Pana należy ziemia i to, co ją napełnia,
na lądzie i na morzu


Je pense que c'est assez évident que les langues germaniques tiennent ensemble. Y compris donc mon suédois. Et non pas avec le polonais ou les autres langues slaves. J'étais surpris que celles-ci aussi distinguaient deux mots pour "terre" ... si le mot en polonais est emprunté de l'allemand, le mot en russe veut dire "sur le sec" ...

Donc, contrairement à "terre" utilisé pour les deux conceptes, ce n'est pas juste le germanique, mais également le slave, au moins moderne, qui utilise deux mots différents.

Le français et l'hébreu en utilisent un seul.

Pour un Hébreu des temps anciens et pour un Français, l'Apocalypse 7:1 ne va pas impliquer platisme.

Après cela, je vis quatre anges qui étaient debout aux quatre coins de la terre ;


Il va simplement comprendre ce que les langues germaniques appellent "land" et que ça diffère du globe dont la superficie comporte aussi la mer.

Mais un Russe et un Américain auraient alors attendu un autre mot que "earth" ou "zemlia" et la traduction donne justement "earth" et "zemlia" ou en polonais "zemia"

After these things, I saw four angels standing on the four corners of the earth, holding the four winds of the earth,
Potem ujrzałem czterech aniołów stojących na czterech narożnikach ziemi
След това видях четири ангела, които стояха на четирите ъгъла на земята и държаха четирите земни ветрове,


La solution est bien entendu, parfois la traduction est très mot par mot. Ici, elle imite le choix de mots en hébreu, où pour "land" ou "sukhoy" on a le mot "eretz" comme pour "earth" et "zemlia" ... et le français est comme le hébreu, "terre" ...

Mais "germaniques du nord" et "de l'ouest" ... c'est pas un couple égal, ça ... ? Non, les langues germaniques de l'est sont le burgondien, autrefois parlé à Worms et à Dijon (aux temps d'Attila et de Sainte Clothilde), le vandal, parlé en Tunisie avant les Arabes, et surtout le gothique, parlé en Italie et en Espagne par des aristocrates comme Théodéric le Grand ou par Rodéric.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Paris
Sainte Jeanne-Françoise Frémiot de Chantal*
21.VIII.2026

Sanctae Joannae Franciscae Fremiot de Chantal, Ordinis Sanctimonialium Visitationis sanctae Mariae Institutricis, cujus natalis dies Idibus Decembris memoratur.

Tuesday, August 18, 2026

Marginal Note by Galileo?


Letter to Madame Christina of Lorraine, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion & Science
https://inters.org/Galilei-Madame-Christina-Lorraine


The text given is the one printed in Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, 1957.

The footnote states there was a marginal note by Galileo attributing it to Baronius.

Now, here is the actual passage with the quote and the footnote:

I would say here something that was heard from an ecclesiastic of the most eminent degree: “That the intention of the Holy Ghost is to teach us how one goes to heaven, not how heaven goes.” (8)

(8) A marginal note by Galileo assigns this epigram to Cardinal Baronius (1538-1607). Baronius visited Padua with Cardinal Bellarmine in 1598, and Galileo probably met him at that time.


Now, this connection to Cardinal Bellarmine may mean Baronius said so during the Giordano Bruno affair. Not the Galileo affair.

He was not one of the judges of Bruno, but as Bellarmine was, it could be about whether heliocentrism belonged among the otherwise already heavy charges. However, in this case it was Bellarmine who decided and was designated by the Church to do so, not Baronius.

Cojudging was a cardinal Camillo Borghese, the future Pope Paul V, under whom the first Galileo affair (involving Sidereus Nuntius, not himself, as suspect) was decided.

Now a certain Firpo* probably basing himself on a summary of the process** as given by wikipedians states that the final charges probably were:

  • holding opinions contrary to the Catholic faith and speaking against it and its ministers;
  • holding opinions contrary to the Catholic faith about the Trinity, the deity of Christ, and the Incarnation;
  • holding opinions contrary to the Catholic faith pertaining to Jesus as the Christ;
  • holding opinions contrary to the Catholic faith regarding the virginity of Mary, mother of Jesus;
  • holding opinions contrary to the Catholic faith about both Transubstantiation and the Mass;
  • claiming the existence of a plurality of worlds and their eternity;
  • believing in metempsychosis and in the transmigration of the human soul into brutes;
  • dealing in magics and divination.


The heliocentric part associated with Bruno relates to "plurality of worlds and their eternity" (classic atheist world view after Newton from Kant to just before the Big Bang theory), and an English translator of Copernicus had removed the sphere of the Fix Stars as an optical and logical illusion, a rotating universe can't have infinite extention, since infinitely above earth would need infinite speed = instantaneously, but if the rotation is Earth's, this inhibition of an infinite universe disappears, and the view of it as an inner side of a shell also becomes secondary to "Earth's movement" ...

That in turn relates to how God moves "each universe" (as in planet system around a star), where the Thomistic view favoured a direct act of an external or quasi externa agent, Bruno would have a much more immenentistic view of how each planets in each solar system (or world) is moved, making stars quasi-incarnations of the Son and the movement a manifestation of the Third Person acting as "world soul" ...

This is how Prima Via*** goes wrong when Heliocentrics tend to it. At its worst.

Now, it seems this letter was not a private letter, though I have not seen any cover of a print earlier than Trier, M DC XXXVI, 1636, that cover being on the above link as an illustration, and by then he would have already been a prisoner, and I have seen a handwritten form on the related page.°

I was told in a mail that the marginal note was in Galileo's example of the printed edition, but these pages do not allow per se the conclusion that he actually had one.

It could have been a marginal note on the handwritten letter, and if so, there is a possibility that Galileo gave a false trail. Barberini was his friend, but demanded discretion. And if he had started writing "Barberini" and got as far as "Bar" he may have changed his mind to "Baronius" to cover up the actual man.

But what remains absolutely certain is, Baronius cannot have said it in the Galileo controversy, even if Galileo cited him then, because he had already died.

It may be noted that Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion & Science is cofunded by Pontificia Università della Santa Croce and, of all things, the Templeton World Charity Foundation. Notorious for promoting anti-Fundamentalist positions, including to Roman Catholic clergy.°° The Pontificia Università della Santa Croce is taking grants from a Liberal Theologian Calvinist. Will I be able to get confirmed that Galileo actually ever had a printed copy? When, where, in what circumstances? Was the marginal note perhaps to the 1636 edition in order to cover up for Urban VIII? I don't know. I very much would like to know, also, what was the first edition which included any foot- or marginal note about Galileo making a marginal note.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Paris
St. Agapitus
18.VIII.2026

Praeneste natalis sancti Agapiti Martyris, qui cum esset annorum quindecim, et amore Christi ferveret, jussu Aureliani Imperatoris tentus, ac primo nervis crudis diutissime caesus, deinde sub Antiocho Praefecto graviora supplicia passus; exinde cum ex praecepto Imperatoris leonibus objiceretur, et minime laesus esset, gladio ministrorum coronandus percutitur.

PS, forgot the author of the book:

Source publishing

Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, edited by Stillman Drake (New York: Anchor-Doubleday, 1957), pp. 173-216. Original Italian text published in Opere di Galileo Galilei, Edizione Nazionale edited by Antonio Favaro (Firenze: Giunti-Barbera, 1968), vol. V, pp. 309-348. Translation and footnotes by Stillman Drake, and confronted with the original Italian source Lettera a Cristina di Lorena, in Opere di Galileo Galilei
.

PPS, I'm not impressed by other content in the Letter, but that can wait to some other time./HGL

* Firpo, Luigi (1993). Il processo di Giordano Bruno (in Italian). Salerno. ISBN 978-88-8402-135-9.
** "II Sommario del Processo di Giordano Bruno, con appendice di Documenti sull'eresia e l'inquisizione a Modena nel secolo XVI", edited by Angelo Mercati, in Studi e Testi, vol. 101.
*** The five ways or Quinque Viae are St. Thomas' proofs that God exists. First part of the Summa, Q 2, A 3. The "first way" is the one from movement.

° Galileo Galilei’s Letter to Madame Christina of Lorraine: a reading-guide
Luca Arcangeli, Interdisciplinary Encyclopedia of Religion & Science
https://inters.org/galilei-letter-Christina-lorraine-reading-guide


°° Follow the money … from the Templeton Foundation
By Rev. Jim Witteveen | Published 20 Jul, 2017
https://creation.com/en/articles/follow-the-money

Monday, August 10, 2026

Good Books and Books


C. S. Lewis commented on a library which divided its books into two categories.

Good Books.
Books.

Famous Five would certainly be books, and so would P. G. Woodehouse. But not Tristram Shandy.

Good Books was more elusive. What quality is it that some books have at once (Ulysses or Finegan's Wake by James Joyce) and others acquire by age?

Difficulty.

This is the reverse of an observation on Homer, by Honor Cargill-Martin:

Who really wrote the Odyssey and the Iliad? Ancient historian answers your questions about Homer
Honor Cargill-Martin | 10 Aug. 2026
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mk4TTFJJDfo


Once upon a time, Homer would have been "Books" ... or in her words:

So people are literally being raised on this stuff and that means that the texts are very familiar to them. They're not intimidated by them.


CSL intended to get people to stop frowning on popular literature (provided it isn't unchaste or over the top cruel), and Honor Cargill-Martin's observation comes in pretty handy in this context.
/HGL




PS, from the same essay, CSL mentioned that the Classics tend to be either very popular popular literature, or very "urgent" literature of a patriotic or religious type (so "urgent" it becomes popular). The Ghettysburgh adress, the Apologia pro Vita Sua and Mark Twain are examples of the three types. To me at least. As to future Classics, CSL mentioned as possibilities P. G. Woodehouse and The Thirty-Nine Steps by John Buchan./HGL

PPS, given The Thirty-Nine Steps have been filmed in 2008 by BBC, earlier in 1935 by Hitchcock and then again there was a parody on the Hitchcock film written and rewritten in 1996—2005, I think CSL was spot on .../HGL

C'est quoi "Marran Nordique" ?


En suédois on ne dirais jamais "nordisk marran" on dirait "judisk Christen" ou "christen Jude" en présumant que la personne soit aussi de la Suède ou de la Scandinavie.

Mais, pourquoi ce terme ? Parce qu'en français on ne dit justement pas "Juif chrétien" ou "Chrétien juif" à part le cas spécifique de Jews for Jesus ou Messianic Jews.

Donc, le terme est calqué sur le terme "Marran" (tout court) pour désigner une tradition familiale stablement intégrée dans le Christianisme et d'origine souvent lointaine juive.

Reste à dire en quoi les Marrans nordiques, comme je les appelle, diffèrent des Marrans.

Tout d'abord, racialement, linguistiquement. Ils parlent une langue nordique et sont de la partie judaïque des ancêtres typiquement ashkénazes. Pas tellement les langues latines, pas tellement les origines sépharades.

Ensuite, la religion typique, Luthéranisme ou "frikyrkor"* (tout entre Luthérien dévot mais pas liturgique en Svenska Missionsförbundet et Pentécotiste, à travers les Méthodistes et les Salvationnistes). Les convertis du Judaïsme ont un obstacle de moins de s'intégrer dedans que dans le Catholicisme. Ou deux.

Pour un Luthérien, il n'y a pas de langue sacrée dans le quottidien** et donc pas de vrai rival à l'hébreu dans sa vie religieuse. Et en plus, l'hébreu est obligatoirement étudié en tant que langue biblique (langue du texte d'origine), à même titre que le grec et à l'exclusion du latin.

Mais depuis quelque temps, au moins les Lumières, les Luthéranismes et Anglicanismes ont en plus eu une perte de l'idée que l'Église ait remplacé l'ethnicité juive comme lieu formel de "peuple de Dieu" ...*** Je choisis mes mots. Je ne dis pas que les Goïm ait remplacé les Juifs ethniques en tant que peuple de Dieu, je dis que le clergé catholique a remplacé le clergé cohanique, le Sacrifice de la Messe les sacrifices du Temple, et que l'ethnicité par contre a été élargie en d'abord Juifs et Samaritains (dont les descendants sont les Palestiniens), mais ensuite les Goïm aussi. Cette idée manque par contre du Protestantisme d'après les Lumières, d'où pas mal de Marrans nordiques qui imaginent que leur Judaïté les fasse encore partie d'un "peuple de Dieu" autre que le peuple chrétien.

Et parce que les Juifs ont, historiquement, été davantage intégrés dans la communauté luthérienne, ou moins, selon les points de vue°, et aussi parce que les conversions du Judaïsme ont été volontaires (davantage qu'en Espagne 1492) on n'a pas soupçonné du crypto-judaïsme. Un homme d'origine judaïque que se dit Chrétien est cru sur parole.

Dernièrement, il y a une mode de judaïser, comme il y a une mode de paganiser. Je ne ressens aucun besoin de me faire circoncire à cause des origines judaïques, ni de pratiquer les halakhot selon la lettre°°, comme à cause des origines ethniques, côté Beowulf, je ne ressens aucun besoin de faire un "blot" (sacrifice païen) ou de chanter à Odin ou porter un marteau de Thor. Mais la chose est, ceux qui ressentent des tels besoins, ils n'ont aucun problème, ni légal, ni social, de le faire. D'où le fait que ceux qui se reclament Chrétiens ont des très fortes raisons d'être crus sur parole.

Ethniquement, suis-je plutôt Suédois ou Marran nordique ? Je ne sais pas. Et je n'ai pas tellement besoin de savoir. J'ai présumé que ma mère était 1/8 et moi 1/16 hébraïques. J'ai pu me tromper.

Mais culturellement, je suis Enfant de troisième culture°°° entre mes origines, l'Autriche et l'Allemagne, avec influences de la Romanie et des États-Unis. Et d'Angle-Terre. Et j'ai cherché mon équilibre dans un Catholicisme de France et d'Irlande. Monseigneur Lefebvre ayant eu Éamonn DeValera comme serveur de Messe, j'ai rien à redire.~ Probablement en plus avant le Concile. Donc irréprochable du point de vue catholique.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Paris
St. Laurent~~
10.VIII.2026

Romae, via Tiburtina, natalis beati Laurentii Archidiaconi, qui, in persecutione Valeriani, post plurima tormenta carceris, verberum diversorum, fustium, ac plumbatarum et laminarum ardentium, ad ultimum, in craticula ferrea assatus, martyrium complevit; ejusque corpus a beato Hippolyto et Justino Presbytero sepultum fuit in coemeterio Cyriacae, in agro Verano.

* Administrativement, le Catholicisme en Suède compte ou comptait avant 2000 aussi comme une "frikyrka" (à prononcer frîtchurca / frîchyurca avec un accent fort sur la première syllabe, moins fort la deuxième et encore moins fort la dernière), car ne pas étant "statskyrka" (remplacez "frî" avec "statse"), Église d'État, mais pour la plupart des Suédois, on le distingue, ainsi que l'Orthodoxie, très nettement des choses comme ça. La différence liturgique et théologique est notée.

** Une de mes raisons de devenir Catholique, d'ailleurs.

*** Une de mes découvertes en tant que Catholique, une fois converti.

° "Davantage intégrés" en tant que moins se sentant étrangers, "moins intégrés" comme ayant davantage gardé un statut spécial.

°° Chaque Catholique pratique les halakhot génuines selon l'esprit, comme les viandes permises nous rappellent 1) d'accepter les deux Testaments, 2) de les séparer, 3) de les méditer. "Pas de cheval, pas de lapin" = il faut accepter les deux Testaments comme vrais, ni le Judaïsme qui n'accepte qu'un, ni le paganisme qui n'en accepte aucun mais une pluralité de divinités. "Pas de chameau" = il faut séparer les deux Testaments, pas les mélanger. Je ne deviens pas Musulman, je ne redeviens pas Messianic Jew. "Pas de porc" = il faut méditer la loi, pas juste la croire. (Chose à améliorer).

°°° https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enfant_de_troisième_culture

~ Par contre, côté "comment doit on se positionner au pape" je préfère maintenant "Michel II est pape et on doit l'obéir" à "Léon XIV et pape mais on ne doit pas l'obéir" ...

~~ C'est aussi la date de l'apparition de la Vierge de la Miséricorde, mais la fête est le 24 septembre.

Monday, July 27, 2026

Tiergarten 4, Aktion mortelle ... fasciste ?


Quoique ce soit de certains meurtres disputés par Faurisson, sur lesquels une certaine législation plus sotte que gaie me un peu cloue le bec (j'ai d'autres trucs à dire qui m'importent davantage et je n'ai pas envie de perdre mes blogs pour trop de franchise là-dessus), on n'a pas l'habitude de nier l'Aktion T4 sur les handicapés, ni l'eugénisme qu'on pratiquait déjà 6 ans plus tôt, à partir de février 1934.

Et je suis très loin de justifier ces pratiques.

Le problème devant moi est un peu je me déclare d'accord avec "fascisme" (en termes assez général pour inclure Mussolini avec réserves, Franco, Dollfuss et Schuschnigg, aussi des présidents constitutionnels comme Éamonn DeValera, Juan Perón, les septièmes fils lui diront merci, Józef Piłsudski, mais je valorise également Gasperi, Adenauer, Franz Josef Strauss), et certains vont me reprocher eugénisme ou euthanasie.

L'idée de l'eugénisme, de stériliser des gens trisomiques ou atteints de surdité héréditaire, ou encore des gens ayant vagabondé, et encore, si possible, davantage, de tuer des gens parce qu'ils sont un fardeau (et le fardeau peut être réel), ça me dégoûte énormément.

Si quelqu'un voudra me citer une allocution officielle du Duce où il défend ou propose ce genre de choses je rayerais le bon Benito* de ma liste de bons homme d'état.**

Entretemps, je voudrais faire considérer que l'idée de faire ce genre de choses ne venait nullement de l'Italie à un homme qui aurait dû rester peintre, mais de l'Angleterre et de l'Irlande du Nord. Et des États-Unis. Pour l'eugénisme, c'est déjà documenté que la Virginie stérilisait dès 1924. En Buck v. Bell*** un certains Wendell Holmes Jr.° décidait en 1927 d'accepter la pratique dégradante. Mais quid de l'euthanasie pour les faibles et malades ?

En 1931, un certain George Bernard Shaw l'avait suggéré. Il est cité dans cette vidéo :

The Not So Secret Society Running Britain
Josh D | 23 July 2026
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_PCyFLAwrc


Ayez la bonté de ne pas me comparer à GBS ou à HGW, malgré le fait que je partage deux initiaux avec ce dernier. Je préfère nettement GKC et son ami Hilaire Belloc./HGL




* Le mauvais Benito étant Juarez ... le père du Duce l'admirait, moi non.
** Il s'y trouve, comme dit, avec des réserves.
*** https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buck_v._Bell
° https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr.