Letter A of ex oriente - III - explanation and results

Letter A of ex oriente, on Φιλολoγικά/Philologica : I - preliminary to recalibrating, II - continuing the preliminary, III - explanation and results, on Creation vs. Evolution : IV - Conclusion

Before going on to give the results, which, when writing this sentence I have not yet made, but hope to have made when this post is finished and published, I realise I should perhaps explain a bit what I am up to.

Palaeontologists are middle up in Biblical Creation/Evolution debate, but Archaeologists more seldom come across it. So, might need some explanation. Here I first leave the word to John Woodmorappe, some paragraph or two:

[Summary:] Artificially-inflated 14C dates have been found to occur when trees absorb ‘infinitely old’ carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere from local, volcanogenic, subterranean sources. This is not to be confused with wood contamination because the carbon is firmly locked within the wood fibres. A similar effect has long been recognised with the fictitious ‘built-in’ carbon-14 dates that occur in molluscs when they absorb ‘infinitely old’ carbon from carbonate rocks. In addition, creationists recognise that the global atmospheric buildup of 14C after the Creation and Flood would have produced artificially-old carbon-14 dates. However, the widespread emanation of 14C-free volcanogenic carbon dioxide after the Flood would have further inflated the carbon-14 dates of tree rings in a systematic manner in many parts of the world.

["General" paragraph:] Creationist scientists are willing to leave these uniformitarian mental boxes and thus have studied carbon-14 dating from a decidedly non-uniformitarian viewpoint. One creationist model3 envisions the earth created some six thousand years ago, the Flood about 1700 years thereafter and 14C building up either after Creation or after the Flood. Because most living objects buried during the Flood contained very little 14C when they died, they already possessed inherited carbon-14 dates (usually at infinity, but sometimes at a few tens of thousands of years, as discussed earlier1). Post-Flood organisms successively acquired less extreme ‘built-in’ carbon-14 dates at the time of death until they eventually converged upon ‘real-time’ ages a few thousand years ago.

From : CMI : Much-inflated carbon-14 dates from subfossil trees: a new mechanism
by John Woodmorappe
Journal of Creation (formerly TJ) 15(3):43–44 December 2001
http://creation.com/much-inflated-carbon-14-dates-from-subfossil-trees-a-new-mechanism

I would say the convergence was total somewhere 1000 to 500 BC.

After that, at least known Roman History, artefacts can be dated by recorded history and those that can also be dated by Carbon 14 tend to match.

In addition, as per my tables, I say that the buildup was at the beginning faster than one would expect.

Otherwise, we would still be in a buildup phase, and, as per another one of my tables [lowesr on same link], this would mean inconsistency of half life.

So, with a faster buildup after Deluge than just before the convergence, does it take a major nuke disaster such as would wipe out all life on earth except spiders? No, it would take about 8 milliSieverts per year in Cosmic radiation - a bit more than the total background radiation is at Princeton. Right now.

[Other worthwhile paragraph:] All the foregoing examples are infrequent, and localized. But the situation must have been very different for some time after the Flood. A great deal of ‘infinitely-old’ carbon dioxide must have been percolating from the depths, all over the world, and over considerable geographic regions, as a result of residual volcanic activity, upper-mantle activity, etc. As the growing plants and trees absorbed much of this 14C-free CO2 flux, they necessarily acquired quasi-homogenous ‘built-in’ carbon-14 dates—not as an exception, but as a rule.

This I have not taken into account. First, because I was not aware, second, because this concerns mainly trees, not skeletons, third, because I do not know how to deal with it mathematically.

My tables are in French. However, the one I think or thought most accurate about representing carbon buildup, I am now using also for recalibration of dated artefacts and skeletons of arhcaeology.

Here is some already dated material from Near East Neolithic, and here are, with the help of previous recalibrations, also some of my recalibrations. First come a few facts from wiki articles.

Ain Mallaha
version A: built and settled circa 10,000–8,000 BCE.
Version B: The Natufian village was colonized in three phases. The first two phases had massive stone-built structures with smaller ones in the third phase. These phases occurred from 12,000 to 9600 B.C.

Recalibration of version A: 10,000 is after 10,328 B.Chr. which corresponds to 2778 B.Chr. 8,000 B.Chr. is between 8,145 and 7 903, that is between 2677 and 2666. Two thousand years recalibrated to less than 108 years.

Version B starts before the 10,328 B.Chr. that corresponds to 2778 B.Chr., and ends before 9358/2733. 2400 years reduced to a few decades.

Ancient Tell Abu Hureyra
was occupied between 13,000 and 9,500 years ago in radio carbon years.

Recalibration to between before 2778 B. Chr. for first date and 7,578 (lose to second date) recalibrates to 2633. A span of 3500 years recalibrates to one of more than a century and a half, but not more than that.

Abu Madi The culture has been referred to as the Abu Madi Entity as it shows evidence of having retained Natufian characteristics of a temporary settlement, while being at least partly contemporary with the PPNA cultures of the Levant further to the North. It has been dated approximately 10100 to 9700 BP[7] or from between 9660 to 9180 BC[8] with calibrated datings ranging between c. 9750 and 7760 BC.

If I stick to their calibration and given B. Chr. dates, I recalibrate this to starting between 2778 and 2733 and ending between 2666 and 2655 B. Chr. One thousand nine hundred and ninety years recalibrate to ninetyfive.

I here noted the references for the article on Abu Madi

• [7] Ian Kuijt (2000). Life in Neolithic farming communities: social organization, identity, and differentiation. Springer. pp. 33–. ISBN 978-0-306-46122-4. Retrieved 16 March 2011.
• [8] Abu Madi 1,
• leading me to:
  • Neolithic Carbon dates

And now I get a few things more substantial to deal with, hence the title, I take the tables from letter A of ex oriente's Neolithic Carbon Dates.

Locality
Code	BP	Dev.	Location	Material
Reference
Timespan BP	Timespan BC	My recalibration
Abu Madi 1
Pta-2699	10100	100	Layer 8
Pta-4551	9790	100	Layer 11
Pta-4552	9920	80	Layer 11
Pta-4568	9970	120	Layer 10
Pta-4572	9790	100	Layer 10
Pta-4577	9870	100	Layer 12
Pta-4580	9800	80	Layer 12
Garfinkel, Dag 2006 for all items
10 000 - 9790	8050 - 7840	2670 - 2660 B. Chr.
'Abr 3
Ly-2805	9705	60	Niveau I/South G4. US.118, 194. Contexte: M1a (communal building)	S
Ly-2806	9690	60	Niveau: I/South, G4. US.118, 190 Context: M1a (communal building)	S
Ly-2807	9705	55	Niveau: I/South G4, US. 118, 192 Context: M1a (communal building)	S
Ly-2808	9685	55	Niveau: I/South, G5, US. 188, 193 Context: M1a (communal building)	S
Ly-5235	9750	50	Niveau: I/North, D3, US 325, 332 Context: M10b (communal building)	S
Ly-5236	9700	50	Niveau: I/North, D3, US.315, 332 Context: M10b (communal building)	S
Ly-5237	9730	50	Niveau: I/North, D3, US.315, 332 Context: M10b (communal building)	S
Yartah 2013:72 for all items
9750 - 9685	7800 - 7735	2660 - 2659? B. Chr.
Abu Gosh (Abou Ghosh)
RT 2453	8895	60	Sq A7, Basket 1343; Layer III, 649.78-649.72 "First phase" (Appendix I in: Khalaily, Marder 2003:143)	CH Cratagus
Segal, Carmi 2003; Khalaily, Marder 2003.
8895	6945	2610 B. Chr.
Abu Hureyra
BM 1120	8666	66	Trench E, Phase 3,4,6,7	CH
Moore 2000:255
BM 1121	10792	82	E level 2/3	CH
Moore 2000:527
BM 1122	9374	72	Trench B, Phase 3	CH
Moore 2000:253-255
BM 1423	8676	72	Trench C	CH
Moore 2000:529
BM 1424	8190	77	Trench B, Phase 7	CH
Moore 2000:253-255
BM 1425	8393	72	Trench C, = ca. Phase 8, Trench B	CH
Moore 2000:529
BM 1718R	11140	140	E447	CH
Moore 2000:527
BM 1719	9120	50	?	CH
Radiocarbon 24/3,1982,284
BM 1719R	9100	100	Trench E	CH
Moore 2000:253-255
BM 1721R	8490	110	Trench D, Phase3	CH
Moore 2000:253-255
BM 1722R	8640	100	Trench B, Phase 4	CH
Moore 2000:253-255
BM 1723R	10820	510	Trench E	CH
Moore 2000:253-255
BM 1724R	8020	100	Trench E, Phase 6	CH
Moore 2000:253-255
OxA 1190	8500	120	Trench B, Phase 2	S (eimmer/eink.)
Moore 2000:253-255
OxA 1227	8320	80	Trench G, Phase 3 (younger than Phase 2)	CH
Moore 2000:255
OxA 1228	9680	90	Trench G, bottom phase 1	CH wood
Moore 2000:255
OxA 170	10600	200	E405	S (wild einkorn)
Byrd 1994
OxA 171	10600	200	E457	S (wild einkorn)
Moore 2000:527
OxA 172	10900	200	E470	S (wild einkorn)
Byrd 1994
OxA 1930	8180	100	Trench G, Phase 2	S (wild cereals)
Moore 2000:255
OxA 1931	7890	90	Trench G, phase 2	S (dom.wheat)
Moore 2000:255
OxA 2167	8270	100	Trench E, Phase 4	S
Moore 2000:253-255
OxA 2168	8330	100	Trench E, Phase 5 (above Phase 4)	CH
Moore 2000:253-255
OxA 2169	8640	110	Trench B, Phase 2	S (einkorn/brly)
Moore 2000:253-255
OxA 386	10800	160	E420	S (wild einkorn)
Byrd 1994
OxA 387	11070	160	E470	B (bos)
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 397	10420	140	E430	S (wild einkorn)
Byrd 1994
OxA 406	9300	250	Trench E	B
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 407	10050	180	E419	B
Housley 1994:62
OxA 408	10250	160	E419	H
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 430	11020	150	E 460	B, gazelle ch
Moore 2000:527
OxA 431	10680	150	E460	H=OxA430
Moore 2000:527
OxA 432	9540	170	Trench E	B
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 433	9840	200	Trench E	H
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 434	10490	150	E430	B (gazelle, ch)
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 435	10450	180	E430	H=OxA434
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 4660	8180	200	Trench A, Phase 2 B	B Human
Moore 2000:528
OxA 468	11090	150	E470	B =OxA 387; bos
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 469	10920	140	E470	H
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 470	10820	160	E470	H
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 471	10620	150	E419	H
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 472	10750	170	E425	H
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 473	10000	170	E425	B (wild sheep ch
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 474	10930	150	E429	B/H (wild sheep)
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 475	9060	140	E 252	B (gazelle, ch)
Gowlett, Hedges 1987
OxA 476	9600	200	E430	F(=OxA 434)
Gowlett; Hedges 1987
OxA 5842	8260	75	E449	S (splt/br.wheat
Moore 2000:528
OxA 5843	8275	65	E449	S (dom. rye)
Moore 2000:528
OxA 6336	8140	90	E405	S (dom. einkorn)
Moore 2000:528
OxA 6417	8170	90	E411	S (dom wheat)
Moore 2000:528
OxA 6418	8115	80	E438	S (dom.barl)
Moore 2000:528
OxA 6419	8230	80	E438	S (dom em.)
Moore 2000:528
OxA 6685	10930	120	E455	S (dom. rye)
Moore 2000:527
OxA 6995	8700	240	Trench E,	S (dom einkorn)
Moore 2000:253-255
OxA 6996	9860	220	Trench E	S (dom. rye)
Moore 2000:253-255
OxA 7122	8290	75	E426	S (dom. einkorn)
Moore 2000:528
OxA 8718	11140	100	E418	S (dom. rye)
Moore 2000:528
OxA 8719	10610	100	E419	S (dom rye)
Moore 2000:528
OxA 876	8500	90	Trench D, Phase 1	B, onagger, wild
Moore 2000:253-255
OxA 877	8300	150	Trench D, Phase 1	B,sheep/goat
Moore 2000:253-255
OxA 879	8570	130	Trench D, Phase4	B,wild onagger
Moore 2000:253-255
OxA 881	8870	100	Trench D, Phase 6 (dislocated from a pit)	B (sheep/goat)
Moore 2000:253-255
OxA 883	11450	300	E470	S (wild einkorn)
Housley 1994:62
OxA 878	8490	110	Trench D, Phase4	B, wild onagger
Moore 2000:253-255
11140 - 8020	9190 - 6070	2725 - 2561 B. Chr.
Abu Salem
I 5498	9970	150	15-20 cm	CH
I 5499	10230	150	25-30 cm	CH
I 5500	10230	150	45-55 cm	CH
Pta 3289	10300	100	L1 155-160	CH
Pta 3290	10340	90	L21 120-130	CH
Pta 3291	10140	80	L22 120-130	CH
Pta 3292	10550	90	L22 180-190	CH
Pta 3293	10420	100	L24 190-200	CH
Byrd 1994:219 for all items
10550 - 9970	8600 - 8020	2697 - 2670 B. Chr.
Ain Abu Nukhayla
A-11802	8625		locus 2, level 9
A-11803	8465		locus 5, level 12
A-11804	8565	55	locus 20, level 7
A-11805	8370	80	locus 20, level 10/11
A-11806	8610	95	locus 22, level 15
A-11807	8410	80	locus 25, level 13
Henry et al. 2003:13 for all items
8625 - 8370	6675 - 6420	appr. 2610 - 2599 B. Chr.
Ain el-Kerkh
GrA 22276	9240	50	Square D6, Layer 9 AK 01 D6b-44	CH
GrA 22277	9350	90	Square D6, Layer 9 AK 01 D6b-45	CH
Ly 12086	9205	60	Square D6, Layer 8, AK 02 D6b-31	CH
OxA 2555	9250	40	Square D6, Layer 7, AK 02 D6b-18	CH
OxA 2556	9165	40	Square D6, Layer 7, AK 02 D6b-29	CH
Tsuneki et al. 2006 for all items
9350 - 9165	7400 - 7215	2644 - 2633
Yes, I know that across 2633 I put 7578, but it should rather have been 7167. I made a calculation mistake.
Ain Jammam
	8520	190
	8030	120
Rollefson 2005:17 for both items
8520 - 8030	6570 - 6080	2604 - approx. 2565 B. Chr.
Akarçay
Beta 138582	7470	80	Phase II, square 20M; feature 21	CH
canew.org; Balkan-Atlı 2002:289; Özbasaran and Duru 2011:167
Beta 138583	8390	110	Phase IV, Square 20P; feature 24	CH
canew.org; Bakan-Atlı 2002, 289; Özbasaran and Duru 2011:168
Beta 138584	8750	40	Phase V; square 27 U; feature C.2	CH (AMS)
canew.org; Balkan-Atlı 2002, 289; Özbasaran and Duru 2011:168
Beta 138585	7280	50	Phase I, Square 19K; feature 9	CH (AMS)
canew.org; Balkan-Atlı 2002:289; Özbasaran and Duru 2011:167
Beta 138586	7970	120	Phase III, square 20N	CH
canew.org; Balkan-Atlı 2002:289
Beta 174035	8560	40	Square 27Y; feature 65	?
Özbasaran and Duru 2011:168 and for all following same or 2011:167
Beta 174036	8260	40	Square 27X; feature 42	?
Beta 174037	8310	130	Square 20P; feature 66	?
Beta 174038	7930	40	Square 28U; feature 18	?
Beta 174039	7860	40	Square 210; feature 42	?
Beta 174040	7690	50	Square 19F, feature 32	?
Beta 174041	8300	40	Square 25U; feature 29	?
KIA 31913	8283	41	Square 27U; feature 118	?
KIA 31914	8205	35	Square 27U; Feature 108	?
KIA 31915	8293	39	Square 27U; feature 90	?
KIA 31916	8021	33	Square 27U; feature 106	?
KIA 31917	8132	40	Square 27U; feature 120	?
KIA 31918	8246	39	Square 27U; feature 113	?
KIA 31919	8181	45	Square 27U; feature 108	?
KIA 31920	8121	52	Square 27U; feature 108	?
KIA 31921	8146	36	Square 27V; feature 40	?
KIA 31922	8365	40	Square 27X; feature 123	?
KIA 31923	8309	49	Square 27X; feature 115	?
KIA 31924	8290	50	Square 27X; feature 116	?
KIA 31925	7979	42	Square 27T, feature 43	?
KIA 31926	8199	34	Square 29T, feature 64	?
8750 - 7470	6800 - 5520	2617 - 2509 B. Chr.
Aswad
Gif 2369	8540	110	II, 0,25m E ?
Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Gif 2370	9340	120	Ib, 1,75m E (=moyenne)
de Contenson 2000:21
Gif 2371	9270	120	Ib, 2,35m E (=moyenne)
de Contenson 2000:21
Gif 2372	9640	120	Ia, 2,45m E (=ancienne)	CH
de Contenson 1973
Gif 2373	8560	110	II, 0,30m W (moyenne/récente)
de Contenson 2000:21; Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Gif 2633	9730	120	Ia, 3,25m E (=ancienne)	CH
de Contenson 1973; Stordeur et al. 2010:58
GrA 25913	9020	60	Ib, 1,80m E (ancienne/moyenne)	S
Stordeur et al. 2010:58
GrA 25915	9300	60	Ia, 2,90m E (ancienne)	S
Stordeur et al. 2010:58
GrA 25916	9070	60	Ib, 2,20m E (ancienne/moyenne)	S
Stordeur et al.2010:58
GrA 25917	9280	50	Ia, 3,10m E (ancienne)	S
Stordeur et al. 2010:58
GRN 6676	8650	55	II, 0,40m W (moyenne/récente)
de Contenson 2000:21
GRN 6677	8720	75	II, 0,90m W (=moyenne)
de Contenson 2000:21
GRN 6678	8875	55	II, 1,30m W (=moyenne)
de Contenson 2000:21
GRN 6679	8865	60	II, 2,30m W (=moyenne)
de Contenson 2000:21
Ly 11383	9285	51	B5; E Moyenne (2); Niveau Ancien Sector B= Contenson Niveau 1 A (1:46)
1) Stordeur 2003, 2) Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Ly 11384	9220	70	B10 E; Niveau Ancien Sector B= Contenson Niveau 1 A (1:46)
1) Stordeur 2003 2) Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Ly 11385	9805	115	? E "ancienne/moyenne" (2) Niveau Ancien Sector B= Contenson Niveau 1 A (1:46)
1) Stordeur 2003 2) Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Ly 11386	8600	50	?W "moyenne" (2) Phase II (=C)
1) Stordeur 2003 2) Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Ly 12107	8835	50	B0?, E; "récente" (1)
Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Ly 12781	8765	80	B 10?; E; "ancienne" US 382- ST 380 (2)	CH
www.archeometrie.mom.fr/banadora/index.php, Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Ly 12782	8935	50	B 10?; E; "ancienne" US 350 mur 12 (2)	CH
1)www.archeometrie.mom.fr/banadora/index.php 2) Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Ly 13696	8800	45	B2; E; moyenne; C4-US 595	CH
1)www.archeometrie.mom.fr/banadora/index.php 2) Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Ly 13697	9115	45	"moyenne" C11-US622 EA 32; B7 E	CH
1)www.archeometrie.mom.fr/banadora/index.php 2) Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Lyon 2756	9235	45	US 344 - ST 339	CH
www.archeometrie.mom.fr/banadora/index.php
Lyon 3465 (Gra)	9220	45	B0; E, "récente"; C 2/3/8 -US 443	S
1)www.archeometrie.mom.fr/banadora/index.php 2) Stordeur et al. 2010:58.
Lyon 3466 (Gra)	9020	45	B0; E "récente" C 12/18-US 518/519 (2)	CH
1)www.archeometrie.mom.fr/banadora/index.php 2) Stordeur et al. 2010:58
Lyon 3467 (Gra)	9170	40	B5; E; "Moyenne" C3-US 584 (2)	CH
1)www.archeometrie.mom.fr/banadora/index.php 2) Stordeur et al. 2010:58
9805 - 8540	7855 - 6590	2666 - 2604 B. Chr.
Azraq
OxA-2412	8275	80	C, 19b	CH
Hedges et al. 1992
OxA-870	8350	120	Sq1.1; no obvious traces of sturcutres, hearths, crude pavement	CH
Gowlett et al. 1987 (online version); Betts 1989
8350 - 8275	6400 - 6325	2593 - 2588 B. Chr.

And part IV will be including some conclusions. And perhaps some caveats too.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Nanterre UL
St Matthias Apostle
25.II.2016

Updated to make table better visible same day.

Update, next day: I sent this to H. G. K. Gebel yesterday and to a few of those having contributed in the references today. I am hoping to get a discussion with one or more of them, to be published on my correspondence blog, before going on to state my own conclusions./HGL