How Many Died Young Around 1500?

1) Genealogy, concerning the King of Spain during US War of Independence, Carlos III · 2) Perhaps I should have written abavi instead of atavi in previous ... · 3) Back into the Middle Ages · 4) How Many Died Young Around 1500? · 5) Governors, Viceroys and Captains General of India or Portuguese India, from c. 1500 to c. 1650

In previous posts, as ancestors have been the statistic for lifespans, those dying young have been not counted.

In this post, I intend to take two generations from the post Back Into the Middle Ages, first parents (parentes), then grandparents (avi), of which the latter is incomplete. In both cases, look up the man and see what offspring they had - this usually counts also children dying young.

Parents:

Charles, Duke of Vendôme - On 18 May 1513, he married Françoise d'Alençon, daughter of René, Duke of Alençon.[3] They had thirteen children:

• Louis de Bourbon (1514–1516), died in infancy.
• Marie de Bourbon (1515–1538), unmarried, prospective bride of James V of Scotland in 1536.
• Marguerite de Bourbon (1516–1589), married 1538 Francis I of Cleves, Duke of Nevers (1516–1561).
• Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme (1518–1562).
• François de Bourbon, Count of Enghien (1519–1546), unmarried.
• Madeleine de Bourbon (1521–1561), Abbess of Sainte-Croix de Poitiers.
• Louis de Bourbon (1522–1525), died in infancy.
• Charles de Bourbon (1523–1590), Archbishop of Rouen.
• Catherine de Bourbon (1525–1594), Abbess of Soissons.
• Renée de Bourbon (1527–1583), Abbess of Chelles.
• Jean de Bourbon, Count of Soissons and Enghien (1528–1557), married 1557 his first cousin Marie, Duchess of Estouteville (1539–1601).
• Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé (1530–1569), married Eléonore de Roye.
• Léonore de Bourbon (1532–1611), Abbess of Fontevraud (1532–1611).

Henry II of Navarre, Born 18 April 1503 Sangüesa - In 1526, he married Margaret of Angoulême[2] who became known as Marguerite de Navarre (11 April 1492- 21 December 1549) and had issue:

• Joan III of Navarre (16 November 1528 – 9 June 1572), mother of Henry IV of France
• John (7 July 1530 - 25 December 1530)

Francis, Duke of Guise - Guise married Anna d'Este, daughter of Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, and Renée of France, in Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 29 April 1548. They had seven children:

• Henry I, Duke of Guise (1550–1588), who succeeded him as Duke of Guise.
• Catherine (18 July 1552, Joinville – 6 May 1596, Paris), married on 4 February 1570 Louis, Duke of Montpensier
• Charles of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne (1554–1611)
• Louis II, Cardinal of Guise (1555–1588), Archbishop of Reims
• Antoine (25 April 1557 – 16 January 1560)
• François (31 December 1559, Blois – 24 October 1573, Reims)
• Maximilien (25 October 1562–1567)

Honorat II of Savoy, marquis of Villars - In 1540 he married Jeanne Françoise de Foix, viscountess of Castillon (†1542), with whom he only had one child, Henriette de Savoie-Villars († 1611), who married Charles, Duke of Mayenne.

Grandparents:

Francis, Count of Vendôme, - In 1487, he married Marie de Luxembourg,[2] the widow of Jacques of Savoy, Count of Romont. She brought great estates as her dowry, including the countships of Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise and Soissons in Picardy.

They had six children:

• Charles de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme (1489–1537), Duke of Vendôme
• Jacques (1490–1491)
• François (1491–1545), Count of Saint Pol and of Chaumont, Duke of Estouteville
• Louis (1493–1557), Cardinal de Bourbon, Archbishop of Sens
• Antoinette de Bourbon (1493–1583), married Claude, Duke of Guise, grandparents of Mary Queen of Scots
• Louise (1495–1575), Abbess of Fontevraud

René, Duke of Alençon - His first wife was Marguerite, daughter of William of Harcourt, Count of Tancarville. He married a second time on 14 May 1488 at Toul, to Margaret of Lorraine (1463 – 1 November 1521),[1] daughter of Frederick, Count of Vaudémont and Yolande of Anjou. Margaret bore him three children:

• Charles IV of Alençon (1489–1525)
• Françoise of Alençon (c. 1490 – 14 September 1550, La Fleche), Duchess of Beaumont, married 1505 in Blois, François, Duke of Longueville (d. 1512), married 1513 Charles, Duke of Vendôme
• Anne (30 October 1492 – 18 October 1562, Casale Monferrato), Lady of la Guerche, married 31 August 1508 in Blois William IX Paleologos, Marquess of Montferrat

John III of Navarre - He and Queen Catherine of Navarre were parents to thirteen children—other sources point to fourteen:[2]:76

• Anne of Navarre (19 May 1492 – 15 August 1532).
• Magdalena of Navarre (29 March 1494 – May 1504).
• Catherine of Navarre (1495 – November 1532). Abbess of the Trinity at Caen.
• Joan of Navarre (15 June 1496 – last mentioned in November 1496).
• Quiteria of Navarre (1499 – September/October 1536). Abbess at Montivilliers.
• A stillborn son in 1500.
• Andrew Phoebus of Navarre (14 October 1501 – 17 April 1503).
• Henry II of Navarre (18 April 1503 – 25 May 1555).[3] His daughter Jeanne (Joan III) was mother of Henry IV of France
• Buenaventura of Navarre (14 July 1505 – 1510/1511).
• Martin of Navarre (c. 1506 – last mentioned in 1512).
• Francis of Navarre (1508 – last mentioned in 1512).
• Charles of Navarre (12 December 1510 – September 1528). Took part in the Siege of Naples during the War of the League of Cognac but was captured. Died while still held as a prisoner of war.
• Isabella of Navarre (1513/1514 – last mentioned in 1555). Married Rene I, Viscount of Rohan.

Charles, Count of Angoulême - He married the 11-year-old, Louise of Savoy, daughter of Philip the Landless and Margaret of Bourbon, on 16 February 1488.[2] They had two children:

• Marguerite d'Angoulême (11 April 1492 – 21 December 1549)[3]
• François d'Angoulême (12 September 1494 – 31 March 1547), who became King of France as Francis I.[4]

[His illegitimate children are lacking in clear dates]

Claude, Duke of Guise, married Antoinette de Bourbon, daughter of François, Count of Vendôme and Marie de Luxembourg, on 9 June 1513; they had 12 children:

• Mary of Guise (1515–1560); married King James V of Scotland and had issue, including Mary, Queen of Scots.
• Francis, Duke of Guise (1519–1563)
• Louise of Guise (10 January 1520, Bar-le-Duc – 18 October 1542); married Charles I, Duke of Arschot on 20 February 1541.
• Renée of Guise (2 September 1522 – 3 April 1602), Abbess of St. Pierre, Reims.
• Charles of Guise (1524–1574), Duke of Chevreuse, Archbishop of Reims, and Cardinal of Lorraine.
• Claude, Duke of Aumale (1526–1573)
• Louis I, Cardinal of Guise (1527–1578)
• Philip of Guise (3 September 1529, Joinville – 24 September 1529, Joinville)
• Peter of Guise (b. 3 April 1530, Joinville); died young.
• Antoinette of Guise (31 August 1531, Joinville – 6 March 1561, Joinville), Abbess of Faremoutier
• Francis of Guise (18 April 1534, Joinville – 6 March 1563), Grand Prior of the Order of Malta.
• René, Marquis of Elbeuf (1536–1566)

Renée of France - With Ercole II she had five children:

• 1. Anna d'Este
  16 November 1531 – 1607
  First husband: Francis, Duke of Guise
  Second husband: Jacques de Savoie, 2nd Duc de Nemours
  
  
• 2. Alfonso II, Duke of Ferrara
  22 November 1533 – 1597
  
  
• 3. Lucrezia Maria d'Este
  16 December 1535 – 1598
  married Francesco Maria II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino.
  
  
• 4. Eleonore d'Este
  1537-1581
  
  
• 5. Luigi d'Este
  21 December 1538 – 1586
  Bishop of Ferrara and Archbishop of Auch

Renee was widowed in 1559. As a result of being on bad terms with her son, Alfonso, she returned to France in 1560 and settled in Montargis, where she then died on 12 June 1574.

René of Savoy - On 28 January 1501, he married Anne Lascaris, countess of Tende (1487–1554), daughter of Jean-Antoine de Lascaris-Vintimille and of Isabelle d'Anglure, widow of Louis de Clermont-Lodève, with whom he had the following children :

• Claude of Savoy (1507, mort le 23 avril 1569), who followed ;
• Madeleine (c. 1510 - c. 1586), married constable Anne de Montmorency (1492 † 1567) ;
• Marguerite (died 15 July 1591), married Antoine of Luxembourg, count of Brienne;
• Honorat II of Savoy, who followed;
• Isabelle, in 1527 married René of Batarnay, count of Bouchage
  
  Count of Ventimiglia, Jean-Antoine de Lascaris, gave Chateau Montfort in La Colle sur Loup as dowry to his daughter Anne who married René of Savoy. Chateau Montfort

M 00 00 00 00 01 02 02 02 03 04 05 05 06 13 17 27 28 29 30 33
O 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
M 36 38 39 44 44 47 48 48 50 51 52 52 54 57 62 64 64 67 69 74
O 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

F 00 10 22 23 29 37 37 40 40 41 43 44 44 45 56
O 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
F 57 60 63 69 69 70 73 76 76 79 79 80 81 90
O 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

M, 00 - 74, Median 33/36
LQ 4/5
HQ 51/52

F 00 - 90, Median 56
LQ 40
HQ 73

Not counting those dying before 20:

M 27 28 29 30 33 36 38 39 44 44 47 48 48
O 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
M 50 51 52 52 54 57 62 64 64 67 69 74
O 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

F 22 23 29 37 37 40 40 41 43 44 44 45 56 57
O 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14
F 60 63 69 69 70 73 76 76 79 79 80 81 90
O 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

M, 27-74, Median 48
LQ 38
HQ 62

F, 22-90, Median 57
LQ 40/41
HQ 73/76

Proportion dying before 20

M 15/40 (37,5%)
F 2/29 (c. 7%)
A 17/69 (24%)

I cannot exclude that the overall mortality for female children and thus both sexes could have been higher, since it may be daughters could have been left unmentioned in certain types of family annals, unless surviving a certain age.

But on the other hand, taking this at face value, it might also be women were more robust, simple as that.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Nanterre UL
St Camille de Lellis
18.VII.2016

PS. As usual, I rely on the wikipedia. Sometimes looking up more than one article./HGL

PPS. The numerals after M or F do line up with those denoting order in which the people come in age at death - if you take them from this blog and copy paste to a notepad, where each numeral has same width. Here, the numeral 0 is for instance wider than certain others./HGL