Thursday, January 14, 2016

Recalibrating American Archaeology (very roughly)


1) Recalibrating American Archaeology (very roughly), 2) Recalibrating Irish Archaeology

Timeline of Americas, with some dependence on Raff and Bolnick (who seem to depend on Rasmussen et al.) and on Ortmann and Kidder.

As with my French language recalibration of Pre-Nuraghic Sardinia, I use my tables from essays Multiples Échecs (but do not try to recalculate into BC, leaving BP, as originally, and with me here it means before 2015, not before 1950) and from Avec un peu d'aide de Fibonacci, marked ME and Fib., but I also first use an earlier attempt by Tas Walker, here marked TW. I had earlier used it for Chronologies Comparés sur le Progrès Post-Diluvien.

I have not tried to break it down very finely, but mostly been content to use the values given in tables even for very approximate dates.*

What When: conventionally TW ME Fib.
Early movement into NW Beringia 30,050 BC 2050 BC 4972 BP 2957 BC
Last Glacial Maximum begins 26,050 BC 2050 BC 4972 BP 2957 BC
East Beringia terminus post quem 24,050 BC 2050 BC 4972 BP 2957 BC
Mal'ta Siberia genome 22,050 BC 2050 BC 4842 BP 2957 BC
Solutrean Culture begins (b) 21,550 BC 2050 BC 4842 BP 2957 BC
Earliest Solutrean tools (a) 19,050 BC 2025 BC 4842 BP 2957 BC
East Beringia terminus ante quem 16,050 BC 2025 BC 4712 BP 2957 BC
Last Glacial Maximum ends 16,050 BC 2025 BC 4712 BP 2957 BC
Latest Solutrean tools (a + b) 15,050 BC 2000 BC 4582 BP 2778 BC
Deglaciation of Pacific, ante quem 15,050 BC 2000 BC 4582 BP 2778 BC
Monte Verde, Chile 12,650 BC 2000 BC 4452 BP 2778 BC
Icefree corridor between Cordilleran and Laurentide ice sheets, tpq 11,550 BC 1975 BC 4452 BP 2778 BC
Clovis Culture begins (b) 11,350 BC 1950 BC 4452 BP 2778 BC
Clovis Culture begins (a) 11,050 BC 1950 BC 4452 BP 2778 BC
Anzick-1 10,757 - 10,606 BC 1950 BC 4322 BP 2778 BC
Clovis Culture ends (b) 10,850 BC 1950 BC 4322 BP 2778 BC
Clovis Culture ends (a) 10,650 BC 1950 BC 4322 BP 2778 BC
Kennewick Man 6740 - 6450 BC 1900 BC 3802 BP 2599 BC
European gene pool unity since about 6050 BC 1875 BC 3802 BP 2599 BC
Mesolithic Spanish genome 5050 BC 1850 BC 3672 BP 2509 BC
Poverty Point [Earliest] Mounds** 4050 BC 1750 BC 3542 BP 2420 BC
Limit : Earliest inhabitants vs Later ones 3050 BC and earlier 1600 BC and earlier 3022 BP and earlier 2241 BC and earlier
Mid Siberian Migration (latest being AD) 2050 BC 1450 BC 3022 BP 1972 BC
Saqqaq genome 2050 BC 1450 BC 3022 BP 1972 BC


For this timetable, I used:

Genetic roots of the first Americans
Jennifer A. Raff & Deborah A. Bolnick
Nature vol. 506 13-II-2014, 162 - 163 + Academia.edu

Does Mitochondrial Haplogroup X Indicate Ancient Trans-Atlantic Migration to the Americas?
A Critical Re-Evaluation
same authors
PaleoAmerica 2015 Vol. 1 No.4 297 - 304 + Academia.edu

AND

Building Mound A at Poverty Point, Louisiana:Monumental Public Architecture, Ritual Practise, and Implications for Hunter-Gatherer Complexity
Anthony L. Ortmann and Tristram R. Kidder
Geoarchaeology. An International Journal 28 (2013) 66-86 + Academia.edu

Obviously, I could have gotten same dates from a book or two, but here I am also referencing research, which, apart from time table (where I think me and Tas Walker would be more to the point), pretty interesting.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Nanterre UL
St Hilary of Poitiers
14-I-2016

* Meaning where originally given dates are varying, the recalibration dates may be same, just because I am not breaking it down to more exact correspondences. ** Actually it is earliest mounds which are from 6000 BP/4050 BC, conventional dates, while Poverty Point is from 4000 BP/2050 BC, conventional dates - like the Saqqaq genome. I looked for a year and overlooked the first one, which was the relevant one, and thought ... OK, got it wrong. Here is fixing it. And some more from Ortmann/Kidder, to make up for sloppiness:

Hiatus of mound building (p.67): 4800 BP/2850 BC to 3600 BP/1650 BC which started a new building time up to 3400 BP/1450 BC.

Recalibrations:

Tas Walker: 3600 BP/1650 BC to 3200 BP/1250 BC which started a new building time up to 3050 BP/1100 BC.

Multiples Échecs table: 3758 BP/1743 BC to 3455 BP/1440 BC which started a new building time up to 3412 BP/1397 BC.

Fibonacci inspired table: 2062 BC to 1525 BC which started a new building time up to 1346 BC.

Several pages later in the paper:

Fuller (calibrated) chronology, just recalibrating by the Fibonacci table:

Mound A Platform

Core A-26, 2Ab 2190-2181 BC, rec. bef. 1793 BC
Core A-15, Ab 1429-1257 BC, rec. 1346-bef.1167 BC
South Profile, Excavation 2Ab 1425-1252 BC, rec. 1346-bef.1167 BC

Mound A Cone, Core A-88 1374-1340 BC [closest I get by arithmetic means of years given in table on right hand side is 1363-1348 BC, later and earlier than your here given] bef. 1286 BC-af.1274 BC [reached by corresponding arithmetic means of years given in table on left hand side.]

1319-1110 BC [1326-1117] af.1256-af.1077 BC
1103-1072 BC [1107-1072] af.1068-1038 BC
1067-1056 BC [1067-1051] 1032-af.1024 BC

No comments: